{"id":8190,"date":"2024-07-28T16:27:52","date_gmt":"2024-07-28T14:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/?p=8190"},"modified":"2024-07-28T19:06:57","modified_gmt":"2024-07-28T17:06:57","slug":"zydowki-z-kamionka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/en\/ii-wojna-swiatowa\/obozy-pracy-przymusowej-w-powiecie-mogilenskim\/zydowki-z-kamionka\/","title":{"rendered":"Jewish women from Kamionek"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8190\" class=\"elementor elementor-8190\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-75d85b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"75d85b1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0caf082 exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"0caf082\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c6738c exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c6738c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jewish women from Kamionek<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3367b7f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"3367b7f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cedc4d2 exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"cedc4d2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973ab5c exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"973ab5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The first to write about the Jewish women brought by the Germans to Kamionek (German: <em>Steindorf<\/em>, now Mogilno municipality) was Anna Rink in her book <em>Renia's Diary<\/em> (2019). It is a fictionalized story by her mother and relatives about the Wrzeszczynski family displaced from the nearby Kamieniec (German: <em>Steinau<\/em>) to the vicinity of nearby Myslatkowo, to the so-called Caucasus and Siberia (Figure 1).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9686b2c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"9686b2c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-40c37ae exad-glass-effect-no exad-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"40c37ae\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bbd3bc exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9bbd3bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/mapka-rotated.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"mapka\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODE5MiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3p5ZHppLXRyemVtZXN6bm8ucGxcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA3XC9tYXBrYS1yb3RhdGVkLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/mapka-rotated.jpg\" title=\"mapka\" alt=\"mapka\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig. 1. Source: A. Rink, <i>Renia's Diary<\/i>, p. 7.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a667c07 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a667c07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to Renia's account, in the spring of 1942 the Jewish women were accommodated on the first floor of the former school building (Photo 1). Bunk beds were erected for them in the classroom (from which it can be inferred that there may have been a dozen or more of them). They had a kitchen in the basement where they cooked for themselves.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cc30c3 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6cc30c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3b1d108f-5c9c-46d0-a159-d07b72376233.jpeg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"3b1d108f-5c9c-46d0-a159-d07b72376233\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODE5MywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3p5ZHppLXRyemVtZXN6bm8ucGxcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA3XC8zYjFkMTA4Zi01YzljLTQ2ZDAtYTE1OS1kMDdiNzIzNzYyMzMuanBlZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3b1d108f-5c9c-46d0-a159-d07b72376233.jpeg\" title=\"3b1d108f-5c9c-46d0-a159-d07b72376233\" alt=\"3b1d108f-5c9c-46d0-a159-d07b72376233\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Photo 1. The building of the former school in Kamionek, present view; photo by Agnieszka Kostuch.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cb7585 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7cb7585\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The girl passed this building on her way to work in the village of Katno (German: <em>Eckenau<\/em>). Every morning she saw from afar the Jewish women going to work by the Notec River.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-205fc48 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"205fc48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>From her friend Basia Ciejek, n\u00e9e Zaparucha, I learned that the women built fascines on the banks of the river to fortify them <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Faszynowanie to umocnianie skarp, row\u00f3w wi\u0105zkami wikliny lub m\u0142odych p\u0119d\u00f3w drzew polegaj\u0105ce na wykonaniu wzd\u0142u\u017c rowu p\u0142otk\u00f3w.Zob. rozmowa Agnieszki Kostuch z Barbar\u0105 Ciejek z dn.&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_1');\">Czytaj dalej<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. Her younger brother Edward added that when the river was drained, they could catch fish, which they then carried to their home, where their mother would fry them. They would come one at a time. They ate the fish - with the bones - on the spot and took the rest with them. Florianna Zaparucha also gave them extra food <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Recording of conversation with Edward Zaparucha dated June 11, 2024, in private archive of Agnieszka Kostuch.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48341af exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"48341af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7b543884-7164-4839-85ac-1207076234bd.jpeg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"7b543884-7164-4839-85ac-1207076234bd\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODE5NSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3p5ZHppLXRyemVtZXN6bm8ucGxcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA3XC83YjU0Mzg4NC03MTY0LTQ4MzktODVhYy0xMjA3MDc2MjM0YmQuanBlZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7b543884-7164-4839-85ac-1207076234bd.jpeg\" title=\"7b543884-7164-4839-85ac-1207076234bd\" alt=\"7b543884-7164-4839-85ac-1207076234bd\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Photo 2. The levees on the Notec River in Kamionek, present view; photo by Pawel Dragan.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e7c37a exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e7c37a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The older brother of Basia and Edward - Bernard Zaparucha - recalled to a colleague years later that he had seen them transported by truck toward Strzelno. And that they were very pretty. Everyone remembered them as very young. Unfortunately, their identities and further fate are still unknown.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0114b8 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a0114b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Documents concerning the employment of Jews from the Lodz ghetto in forced labor camps in the Mogilno district do not mention Kamionek. Perhaps they were subordinate to some nearby camp. The largest one for women was in Linowiec (German: <em>Schleichenberg<\/em>), administered by the Rittergut Diestelberg <em>Rittergut Diestelberg<\/em> , a mansion in Osowiec. The women were to arrive there in the spring of 1942. There were 88 of them, and the camp was liquidated on August 29, 1943. <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"> The State Archive in Lodz, ref. 39\/221\/0\/5.1.10\/29694.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-681a43a exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"681a43a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>However, Kamionek, as a landed estate, was subordinated to someone else - a German named Baron Klaus von Schilling. He was also entrusted with the management of the estate in Katno <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Amtliches Fernsprechbuch fur den Bezirk der Reichspostdirektion Posen. 1942 [ Oficjalna ksi\u0105\u017cka telefoniczna dla okr\u0119gu Posterunek Rzeszy Pozna\u0144 1942], dost\u0119p online:&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_4');\">Czytaj dalej<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da951ca exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da951ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to the accounts of Renia and Basia, Jozef Zaparucha worked on a farm in Katno occupied by Germans who came from Latvia named Fromhold-Treu. He had graduated from an agricultural school and was appointed to \u201cmanage\u201d this property in Katno. The idea was to distribute and supervise the work of the Poles. To assist him he had Hieronim Antoniewicz, who was a gardener and the brother of Anna Wrzeszczynska - Renia's mother.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3446f9c exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3446f9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The surname Schilling never appears in Renia's memoirs, but this is what appears in the 1942 phone book (Photo 3):<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfacbd6 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cfacbd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ksiazka-telef.-1942.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"ksiazka telef. 1942\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODE5NCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3p5ZHppLXRyemVtZXN6bm8ucGxcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjRcLzA3XC9rc2lhemthLXRlbGVmLi0xOTQyLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ksiazka-telef.-1942.png\" title=\"ksiazka telef. 1942\" alt=\"ksiazka telef. 1942\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Photo 3. Telephone book from 1942; source: see footnote 4.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea086b9 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ea086b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>So perhaps the Fromhold-Treu had one farm and the Schilling family had another and an estate in Kamionek. Therefore, the Jewish women of Kamionek should be subject to the Schilling. At this point it is not known on what terms he brought them in.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd5460b exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd5460b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nevertheless, they were undoubtedly very much needed. Clearing and strengthening the banks of the Notec River, clearing or building drainage channels from the fields \u2013 these tasks were crucial to the prosperity of the crops.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbf2cb0 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbf2cb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The problem of flooding in the fields had accompanied the residents since before the war. The Germans who had lived in the area for a long time also knew it well. Not surprisingly, it was precisely to solve this issue that water and drainage companies were established. Waldemar Schindler, owner of the estate in Ostrowek (German: <em>Kleinostrau<\/em>), located near the above villages, belonged to one of them. In September 1939 he joined the SS, but as residents of the Orchowo community testified in his postwar trial - he was good to the locals, he had a worse reputation when it came to treating \u201cothers.\u201d Interestingly, it was he who gave shelter to Hieronim Antoniewicz when the latter came to Kamieniec to his sister at the beginning of the war, from his native Kozmin. And then he tried to get him a job in Katno <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Akta w sprawie karnej przeciwko Waldemarowi Schindlerowi, IPN, sygn. Po 794\/30.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>]. Schindler's mother was also remembered very well by Renia Wrzeszczynska. It was to her that they gave sacks of potatoes, some of the furnishings of the apartment, and clothes for safekeeping when they had to move out of Kamieniec. On many occasions she shared the scarce food products with them <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[6]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">A. Rink, <em>Renia's Diary<\/em>, Warsaw 2019.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c7828c exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c7828c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the trial against Schindler, only the Bukowski sisters accused him of causing the death of their brother Boleslaw, who had been a teacher at a school in Kamionek before the war. He died in Auschwitz. Perhaps it was Schindler who indicated Bukowski for deportation. However, there is no clear information in the files as to how Schindler contributed to Bukowski's death.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07d627e exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"07d627e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ostrowek, where Schindler lived, lies in the immediate vicinity of Kamionek. It is impossible that he did not know about the Jewish women placed in the school, as well as those brought to Linowiec.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93c92e7 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"93c92e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>According to Edward Zaparucha, the Jewish women were not guarded by military men during their work in Notts, but by a Pole. Renia, on the other hand, recalled that they were always watched there by guards. And that they were very emaciated. On top of that, people said they had ulcers on their legs from standing in the river. That's why one time she dropped off ointment for their ulcers from her mother, despite her uncle's prohibition against going near the school building. The basement window was always ajar and the residents threw food to them there. The girl's last memory is from December 1942:<br \/>\u201cIt's already very cold, but the Notec River hasn't completely frozen over yet, so these Jewish girls from the Kamionek school go to work all the time and have to stand in the icy water until their clothes freeze on them\u201d <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_8190_1('footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[7]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Ibid, p. 221.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_8190_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6528352 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6528352\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Will we someday know their names and surnames? Will we find out where they came from? They spoke Polish, so it narrows down the search area. I know, it's weak consolation. And yet there is something encouraging in the fact that, thanks to the testimony of several people, the crime of which they were victims has not been completely erased.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4583d92 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4583d92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>Agnieszka Kostuch<\/strong><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8a0eba exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8a0eba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Translated by Kasia Smialkowski<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38801ef elementor-widget-divider--view-line exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"38801ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-596accf exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"596accf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>I would like to thank Ms. Basia Ciejek and Mr. Edward Zaparucha for sharing their valuable memories, Ms. Ania Rink for the many years of effort she put into writing <em>Renia's Diary<\/em> and Mr. Pawel Dragan for his tremendous help in searching for information.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8190_1();\">Przypisy<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8190_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8190_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_8190_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Przypisy<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Fascining is the reinforcement of slopes and ditches with bundles of wicker or young tree shoots; it consists of making fences along the ditch.<br \/>See Agnieszka Kostuch's conversation with Barbara Ciejek dated March 10, 2024, available online: <a href=\"http:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/en\/wspolczesnosc\/wspomnienia-mieszkancow\/rozmowa-z-barbara-ciejek-zd-zaparucha\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">http:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/en\/wspolczesnosc\/wspomnienia-mieszkancow\/rozmowa-z-barbara-ciejek-zd-zaparucha\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Recording of conversation with Edward Zaparucha dated June 11, 2024, in private archive of Agnieszka Kostuch.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> The State Archive in Lodz, ref. 39\/221\/0\/5.1.10\/29694.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><em>Amtliches Fernsprechbuch fur den Bezirk der Reichspostdirektion Posen. 1942<\/em> [ Official phone book for the district of the Reichspostdirektion Posen 1942], accessed online: <a href=\"https:\/\/bc.wbp.lodz.pl\/Content\/73535\/Amtliches_Fernsprechbuch_1942a.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/bc.wbp.lodz.pl\/Content\/73535\/Amtliches_Fernsprechbuch_1942a.pdf<\/span><\/a> <\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Akta w sprawie karnej przeciwko Waldemarowi Schindlerowi, IPN, sygn. Po 794\/30.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">A. Rink, <em>Renia's Diary<\/em>, Warsaw 2019.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_8190_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_8190_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Ibid, p. 221.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_8190_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8190_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8190_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_8190_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8190_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_8190_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_8190_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_8190_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8190_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_8190_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_8190_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8190_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_8190_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_8190_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Historia \u017byd\u00f3wek sprowadzonych przez Niemc\u00f3w do Kamionka, opisana w ksi\u0105\u017cce &#8222;Dziennik Reni&#8221; Anny Rink, ukazuje dramat ich \u017cycia w 1942 roku. Zakwaterowane w dawnej szkole, pracowa\u0142y przy umacnianiu brzeg\u00f3w rzeki Note\u0107, zmagaj\u0105c si\u0119 z ci\u0119\u017ckimi warunkami. Pomimo trudnych los\u00f3w i nieznanej to\u017csamo\u015bci, \u015bwiadectwa mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w zachowuj\u0105 pami\u0119\u0107 o ich cierpieniu&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8192,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_ti_tpc_template_sync":false,"_ti_tpc_template_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[68,67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ii-wojna-swiatowa","category-obozy-pracy-przymusowej-w-powiecie-mogilenskim"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u017byd\u00f3wki z Kamionka - Strona po\u015bwi\u0119cona historii \u017byd\u00f3w z Trzemeszna<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/en\/ii-wojna-swiatowa\/obozy-pracy-przymusowej-w-powiecie-mogilenskim\/zydowki-z-kamionka\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u017byd\u00f3wki z Kamionka - Strona po\u015bwi\u0119cona historii \u017byd\u00f3w z Trzemeszna\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Historia \u017byd\u00f3wek sprowadzonych przez Niemc\u00f3w do Kamionka, opisana w ksi\u0105\u017cce &quot;Dziennik Reni&quot; Anny Rink, ukazuje dramat ich \u017cycia w 1942 roku. 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