{"id":2886,"date":"2022-02-09T20:59:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-09T19:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/?p=2886"},"modified":"2022-03-19T22:23:44","modified_gmt":"2022-03-19T21:23:44","slug":"swiadectwo-naomi-leitner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/en\/wspolczesnosc\/swiadectwa-potomkow\/swiadectwo-naomi-leitner\/","title":{"rendered":"Testimony of Naomi Leitner (Kfar Saba, Izrael)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Poland, Tremessen and Me\"<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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What do I know about Trzemeszno? Never heard of it! Or, should I say, almost never? Before she died, my mother wrote her family history. Family history means Berlin. Of course, Berlin \u2013 was there anywhere else? Of course not. For them Berlin was the capital of the world. And then there was the Great Exodus From Berlin of the 1930s. My grandmother and all five of her brothers and sisters (and their spouses and children) made it out of Germany alive. Now, that\u2019s history. An incredible history of resilience and pluck and a fair amount of good luck. Why dig back further than that?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Especially since the further back seems so pathetic. Further back was the 1826 \u201cMeisterbrief\u201d allowing Mom\u2019s ancestor Nathan Arzt to practice the trade of bookbinding. \u201cMeister\u201d meant he was a master of his trade. But Nathan also needed a \u201cDuldungs Certificat\u201d \u2013 a Toleration Certificate permitting him and his family to reside in Trzemeszno (photo 1). This is the kind of humiliation I have always associated with the Jews of Poland.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Photo 1. Toleration Certificate of Nathan Arzt. (Source: Eva Leitner, The Arzt Chronicles)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Poland! Oh, my God, Poland! Just saying that name sends shivers up my spine. The graveyard of European Jewry! Of course, it isn\u2019t all the fault of the Poles. The Poles didn\u2019t exactly invite the Third Reich to invade their country. Stuck between the warring giants, Germany and Russia, Poland has been drawn and quartered throughout its history.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Then in March 2021, out of the blue, I got an email from a lady called Agnieszka from Poland. Agnieszka knows a great deal about my family. She knows the names of some of my ancestors and knows the town, the street, the house in which they lived (photo 2). Agnieszka is trying to breathe a living memory into a Jewish community that has disappeared. As far as I can tell, she is trying to give some dignity to a vanished Jewish presence; to make real people out of the ghosts. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Photo 2. On the left \u2013 the house of Arzt family. (Source: postcard from the private collection of Rafa\u0142 Nawrocki)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Agnieszka also sent me some articles she had written about the Jews of Trzemeszno. My \u201caha\u201d moment came when she explained the concept of the Toleration Certificate; explained that there were various levels of permission to work or reside in the town. As a Jew, my blood boils. As a lawyer, I understand the concept of visas and permits. I understand borders and residency requirements. I understand that at the time the town was called Tremessen and was under Prussian rule. That\u2019s why all this documentation is in German. And as a Jew, my blood still boils. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Photo 3. Joanna Arzt n\u00e9e Szetschki i Nathan Arzt. (Source: Ronald Philippsborn\u2019s family archives)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Now Agnieszka is trying to salvage part of the Jewish cemetery of Trzemeszno, to rescue the old gravestones. Suddenly, I want those old gravestones to stand again, to bear witness to what was. I will send a small donation to help make this happen. And maybe \u2013 maybe - I\u2019ll even come to see them one day. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Naomi Leitner<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

„Polska, Trzemeszno i ja „ Co wiem o Trzemesznie? Nigdy o nim nie s\u0142ysza\u0142am! A mo\u017ce powinnam powiedzie\u0107: prawie nigdy? Moja matka przed \u015bmierci\u0105 opisa\u0142a histori\u0119 swojej rodziny. Historia tej rodziny oznacza\u0142a Berlin. Oczywi\u015bcie, \u017ce Berlin \u2013 by\u0142o w og\u00f3le jakie\u015b inne miejsce? Oczywi\u015bcie, \u017ce nie. Dla nich Berlin by\u0142 stolic\u0105 \u015bwiata. Potem przyszed\u0142 Wielki… Read More »Testimony of Naomi Leitner (Kfar Saba, Izrael)<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4144,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_ti_tpc_template_sync":false,"_ti_tpc_template_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[55,56],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-swiadectwa-potomkow","category-wspolczesnosc"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u015awiadectwo Naomi Leitner (Kfar Saba, Izrael) - Strona po\u015bwi\u0119cona historii \u017byd\u00f3w z Trzemeszna<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/en\/wspolczesnosc\/swiadectwa-potomkow\/swiadectwo-naomi-leitner\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u015awiadectwo Naomi Leitner (Kfar Saba, Izrael) - Strona po\u015bwi\u0119cona historii \u017byd\u00f3w z Trzemeszna\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"„Polska, Trzemeszno i ja „ Co wiem o Trzemesznie? 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Nigdy o nim nie s\u0142ysza\u0142am! A mo\u017ce powinnam powiedzie\u0107: prawie nigdy? Moja matka przed \u015bmierci\u0105 opisa\u0142a histori\u0119 swojej rodziny. Historia tej rodziny oznacza\u0142a Berlin. Oczywi\u015bcie, \u017ce Berlin \u2013 by\u0142o w og\u00f3le jakie\u015b inne miejsce? Oczywi\u015bcie, \u017ce nie. Dla nich Berlin by\u0142 stolic\u0105 \u015bwiata. Potem przyszed\u0142 Wielki… Read More »\u015awiadectwo Naomi Leitner (Kfar Saba, Izrael)","og_url":"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/en\/wspolczesnosc\/swiadectwa-potomkow\/swiadectwo-naomi-leitner\/","og_site_name":"Strona po\u015bwi\u0119cona historii \u017byd\u00f3w z Trzemeszna","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/CmentarzZydowskiTrzemeszno","article_published_time":"2022-02-09T19:59:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-03-19T21:23:44+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1600,"height":350,"url":"https:\/\/zydzi-trzemeszno.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Projekt-bez-tytulu-12.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"4 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